TCM Knowledge · 腹针
腹针基础
Abdominal Acupuncture – Basic Formula
01
概述
Overview
腹针基础版由三组穴位组成，共12针。以”引气归元”为核心，配合调理肠胃和滑利关节的配穴，形成一套完整的十全大补针法。
The basic formula consists of three acupoint groups, totaling 12 needles. Centered on “Guiding Qi Back to the Origin,” combined with regulating the stomach and intestines and lubricating the joints, it forms a complete tonifying protocol.
Group 1
第一组：引气归元
Group 1: Guiding Qi Back to the Origin
穴位 / Acupoints
中脘、下脘、气海、关元
Zhongwan (CV12), Xiawan (CV10), Qihai (CV6), Guanyuan (CV4)
深度 / Depth
4分
0.4 Cun
顺序 / Sequence
先扎中脘、下脘 → 后扎气海、关元
First needle Zhongwan, Xiawan → then Qihai, Guanyuan
原理 / Principle
中脘、下脘调理脾胃（后天之本），气海、关元补充肾气（先天之气）。利用后天补先天，将所有的气机归于元气所在之处，称为”引气归元”。
Zhongwan and Xiawan regulate the Spleen and Stomach (postnatal foundation); Qihai and Guanyuan replenish Kidney Qi (prenatal essence). Using postnatal to supplement prenatal, guiding all Qi to the source of Yuan Qi — hence “Guiding Qi Back to the Origin.”
水火既济 / Water & Fire
中脘、下脘属火，气海、关元属水，四穴合用形成水火既济、心肾相交。
Zhongwan and Xiawan belong to Fire; Qihai and Guanyuan belong to Water. Together, the four points achieve the balance of Water and Fire, harmonizing Heart and Kidney.
本质 / Essence
这是一个十全小补方。
This is a complete minor tonifying formula.
Group 2
第二组：调整肠胃
Group 2: Regulating the Intestines
穴位 / Acupoints
大横、天枢（双侧）
Daheng (SP 15), Tianshu (ST 25) — bilateral
深度 / Depth
4分
0.4 Cun
操作 / Technique
皮下针，针尖向外
Subcutaneous needling, tip pointing outward
作用 / Function
调整脾胃、肠胃功能，润肠通便效果极强。大便排泄对人体健康至关重要。老年人长期便秘对生命有危害；肠燥津亏，润滑不利，天枢配大横可有效解决。
Regulates the spleen, stomach, and intestinal function with a strong laxative effect. Regular bowel movement is vital to health. Long-term constipation in the elderly can be life-threatening; when intestinal dryness depletes fluids, Tianshu combined with Daheng effectively resolves this.
效果 / Results
年轻人、小孩便秘 → 针刺1次，第二天即可见效
Young people & children: 1 session, results seen the next day
老年人顽固性便秘 → 需连续针刺5-6次
Elderly stubborn constipation: 5–6 consecutive sessions required
操作要点 / Key Technique
皮下针，针尖向外（左升右降，调节气机升降）。
Subcutaneous needling, tip pointing outward (left ascending, right descending — regulating the ascending and descending of Qi).
Group 3
第三组：腹四关
Group 3: Four Abdominal Gate Points
穴位 / Acupoints
滑肉门、外陵（双侧）
Huaroumen (ST 24), Wailing (ST 26) — bilateral
深度 / Depth
4分
0.4 Cun
定位映射 / Anatomical Correspondence
滑肉门 → 对应肩峰最高点（肩髃穴位置）
Huaroumen → corresponds to the highest point of the acromion (location of Jianyu LI 15)
外陵 → 对应环跳穴位置
Wailing → corresponds to the location of Huantiao GB 30
作用 / Function
上下贯通，滑利关节。起到连接上下、调节全身气机的作用。
Connects upper and lower body, lubricates the joints, and regulates the ascending and descending of Qi throughout the body.
Clinical Notes
临床应用要点
Clinical Application Notes
进针顺序 / Needling Order
中脘 → 下脘 → 气海 → 关元 → 大横 → 天枢 → 滑肉门 → 外陵
Zhongwan (CV12) → Xiawan (CV10) → Qihai (CV6) → Guanyuan (CV4) → Daheng (SP15) → Tianshu (ST25) → Huaroumen (ST24) → Wailing (ST26)
深度 / Depth
均为4分（腹针浅刺法）
All points: 0.4 cun (abdominal acupuncture shallow needling technique)
手法 / Technique
天枢、大横采用皮下针，针尖向外
Tianshu and Daheng: subcutaneous needling, tip pointing outward
疗程 / Course of Treatment
急性便秘1–3次；慢性顽固性便秘建议5–6次为一个疗程
Acute constipation: 1–3 sessions; Chronic stubborn constipation: 5–6 sessions per course
Indications
适用人群
- 脾胃虚弱 / Spleen-Stomach Deficiency
- 慢性便秘 / Chronic Constipation
- 消化不良 / Indigestion
- 虚损性疾病 / Deficiency Conditions
- 亚健康状态 / Sub-health Conditions
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